Rabu, 03 Februari 2010
About Bedugul
If we type "bedugul" in Google, almost certain will lead to travel pages describing the small town called Bedugul on the northern part of Bali island, famous for its beautiful and charming temple, the Pura Ulun Danu Bratan (or Beratan, to some people). It is a mountain area, and Danu which means lake, is actually a big crater.
Pura means temple. The temple of Ulun Danu, on Lake Bratan, built in 1633 by the King of Mengwi, is identified as the `mother` temple of all the subak system (read below this section about subak) on the island and some subak associations make regular pilgrimages to this sanctuary immediately prior to irrigating their rice fields. There are also countless small, roofless shrines (bedugul), which are commonly found in cultivated areas, typically beside a dam or weir.
To put it simple, bedugul is a (small) shrine on rice fields (sawah), within a subak system. It could be said that there are many beduguls in Bali, but only one town named Bedugul, about 1 to 2 hours drive up north from Denpasar, on the way to Singaraja.http://aboutbedugul.blogspot.com/
Bromo
Bormo Caldera is the youngest caldera from well-known Tengger Caldera a volcanic massif extending from Semeru volcano with 16 km width. The massive Tengger volcanic complex dates back to about 820,000 years ago and consists of five overlapping stratovolcanoes, each truncated by a caldera. The volcano has summit elevation 2329 meter, latitude: 7.942°S and Longitude: 112.95°E 112°57'0"E last eruption was on 2004
An overlapping cluster of post-caldera cones was constructed on the floor of the Sandsea caldera within the past several thousand years. The youngest of these is Bromo, one of Java's most active and most frequently visited volcanoes. Bromo is the most favourite and most visited by the tourists.
Source: http://www.antor.org/indonesia/bromo-and-ijen.html
About Borobudur
There is no written record of who built Borobudur or why it was built. It was likely founded as a religious site in the 8th century at the peak of the Sailendra dynasty in central Java. The construction is thought to have taken a period of 75 years and completed in about 825 AD.
The confusion between Hindu and Buddhist dynasties and rulers in Java during this is a little baffling for visitors. Many Hindu and Buddhist monuments were constructed in the central Java region at this time. For example Borobudur and the nearby Hindu Prambanan temple compound were more or less contemporaneous. This, together with many records of royal marriages between Hindu and Buddhist nobles, has led academics to believe that there was little serious conflict concerning religion in central Java at this time. Such an assumption certainly helps the visitor understand the confusing archaeology of the region.
Borobudur lay abandoned and hidden for centuries under layers of volcanic ash and thick jungle growth. Nobody knows for sure why it was abandoned although the popular theory is that the local population just became disinterested when there were mass conversions to Islam in the 15th century. It was never forgotten entirely though with folklore ensuring that stories of the great monument lived on.
Source: http://wikitravel.org/en/Borobudur